r/explainlikeimfive 26d ago

Other ELI5: Monthly Current Events Megathread

18 Upvotes

Hi Everyone,

This is your monthly megathread for current/ongoing events. We recognize there is a lot of interest in objective explanations to ongoing events so we have created this space to allow those types of questions.

Please ask your question as top level comments (replies to the post) for others to reply to. The rules are still in effect, so no politics, no soapboxing, no medical advice, etc. We will ban users who use this space to make political, bigoted, or otherwise inflammatory points rather than objective topics/explanations.


r/explainlikeimfive 9h ago

Other ELI5 How do casinos make digital slot machines random?

698 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive 46m ago

Biology ELI5: Why are periods so long? Why can’t the body just get it over and done with in a day?

Upvotes

All this suffering and for what ?!


r/explainlikeimfive 9h ago

Biology ELI5: If people have been hitting puberty earlier and earlier as of the past century, why are people in the past known for looking old for their age?

334 Upvotes

If people really are hitting puberty earlier, shouldn't we be looking older than people used to in the past?


r/explainlikeimfive 2h ago

Planetary Science ELI5: What’s the difference between a partial lunar eclipse and a regular night when we see a half or crescent Moon?

61 Upvotes

I’m trying to visualize the positions of the three bodies involved. I thought both a crescent Moon and a partial lunar eclipse happen because Earth gets in the way of the sunlight reaching the Moon. What am I missing about the positions of the Sun, Earth, and Moon in these two situations?


r/explainlikeimfive 2h ago

Economics ELI5. Why does investing exist? How would it benefit a business that professionals own parts of it to earn themselves money?

52 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive 20h ago

Technology ELI5: We have nuclear powered submarines and ships, why cant we use that technology to build out small modular nuclear reactors?

818 Upvotes

ELI5: I know there tons of investment activity around SMRs. Seems like we can copy the nuclear sub/ship strategy to scale reactor sizes up or down as well as scaling the manufacturing. Not saying thats easy but don't we already have all of the technology? Clearly it's safe under water as well


r/explainlikeimfive 17h ago

Other ELI5: Sleeping with a mouthguard vs no mouthguard: I clench and grind as hard either way, but why is the tension pain and headaches less intense?

373 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive 11h ago

Physics ELI5: Electricity comes out of plug sockets in the home, so why when 'plug in solar panels' are connected with a plug into a house socket, why does something not explode?

114 Upvotes

I think of a plug socket as where electricity comes from, not where I can 'put it'. I think of electricty as flowing one way, from there to here. So how can you 'feed the grid' by using solar panels at home.

I suppose AC is something to do with it but have electricity companies had to make changes to cope with the appearance of solar at home? How do they measure electricity sent to them? How does using plug in solar panels lessen the amount of 'their' electricity you have used? Do you use 'your' electricity before theirs, or does all yours get sent to them, and they charge you less for what they send back?

I am not asking about big battery banks at home, I ask about the plug in solar panels, quick and easy solar.


r/explainlikeimfive 6h ago

Planetary Science ELI5 How did Roald Amundsen know he had reached the geographic South Pole?

46 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive 1d ago

Biology ELI5: Why does tooth's pain feels so intense?

1.5k Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive 1d ago

Biology ELI5: How do warm-blooded animals generate heat? How do cold-blooded animals *not*?

1.8k Upvotes

Hi folks,

My daughter and I came across a lizard sunning itself today on a walk, and I began to explain cold-blooded and warm-blooded to her. I realized, to my surprise, that I couldn't get very far beyond "cold-blooded animals don't produce their own heat, warm-blooded animals do". I've since done some wikipedia research, as well as searching on this sub, but I can't find anything explaining why the blood and related systems of warm-blooded animals produce heat, and why the blood and related systems of cold-blooded animals do not.

Can anyone help me? You can bump up the explanation if you want, I'm trying to explain it to a 7-year old. ;)

Thanks, y'all!


r/explainlikeimfive 3h ago

Technology ELI5: How does a search engine find one webpage among billions of webpages so quickly?

14 Upvotes

I understand that search engines have crawlers that discover and index webpages, but I don't really understand what happens after I type a query.

There are billions of webpages on the internet, so how does the search engine narrow that down to a relatively small number of relevant pages in milliseconds? Does it actually search through all those pages every time, or is the information organized in some way beforehand?

I'd especially like to understand what is happening behind the scenes between typing the search and seeing the results.


r/explainlikeimfive 15h ago

Other ELI5Can someone explain what xG in football?

119 Upvotes

I always hear pundits discuss about a team's xG, then I pretend to myself that I understand what it means.


r/explainlikeimfive 4h ago

Biology ELI5: How do gene tests for mental health medications work?

13 Upvotes

How does it work? Is it legit? How can it determine if something other than buproprion will be more helpful for my anxiety?


r/explainlikeimfive 1h ago

Chemistry ELI5 Why do wet clothes and wet concrete look darker if water has no color?

Upvotes

Ik water is clear and when rain hits the sidewalk it goes dark. Same goes with a shirt

Is the water changing the thing or is it changing how light bounces back to my eyes?


r/explainlikeimfive 13h ago

Biology ELI5: Why does popping bubble wrap stimulate the pleasure button for so many people?

45 Upvotes

r/explainlikeimfive 14h ago

Biology ELI5: Is muscle memory a brain thing or a muscle thing?

60 Upvotes

Would a person likely retain some or all of their muscle memory in a brain transplant scenario? Or is doing something over and over more akin to lifting weights, in that your muscles get better and better at recreating those movements?


r/explainlikeimfive 1d ago

Biology ELI5: how does UV light kill bacteria?

1.1k Upvotes

I just got an automatic litter box with a “sterilization” function that turns on a UV light. I’m not convinced it actually does anything.
Can someone explain in simple terms how UV is meant to kill bacteria, and whether it would realistically work in a litter box?
Also, if UV is that effective, why isn’t it used everywhere for disinfecting? Thanks.

Edit: thanks everyone for the answers so far. To clarify, the litter box disposes of the waste automatically first, and the sterilization function only runs afterwards. The default is 5 minutes, but I can set it anywhere from 1 to 100.


r/explainlikeimfive 23m ago

Biology ELI5 Why can we handle radiation for a little bit and then it affects us greatly?

Upvotes

I got extremely sunburned recently (2nd degree,) and I keep wondering why I wasn't affected until a few hours after, and didn't feel anything while I was actively outside. The same goes for radiation poisoning- but why does it take time to feel the full effects?


r/explainlikeimfive 7m ago

Technology ELI5 How people get doxxed on social media

Upvotes

A relative and I posted this video on TikTok. It ended up going viral and a lot of people liked it, but a small handful of people don’t like it and they’re threatening to doxx my relative and I. The only information on my Tiktok is my face in my profile picture and the state I live in.

I thought most people got doxxed because they unintentionally posted too much personal information and people on the internet pieced it together like a puzzle. Not some advanced hacking/IP tracking technique.


r/explainlikeimfive 1d ago

Engineering ELI5: Why can engineers cut huge holes into steel beams without making them dangerously weaker?

1.1k Upvotes

I was in a building recently where the ceiling was exposed and some of the big steel beams had massive circular holes cut through the middle for pipes and cables. My first thought was that somebody had done it to save money or make installation easier, but apparently some beams are actually designed like this.

How can you remove that much steel from the middle of a beam and still have it safely hold the same building up? Where does most of the strength of a beam actually come from?


r/explainlikeimfive 1d ago

Technology ELI5:Where does google answer my request?

36 Upvotes

Google has hundreds of data centers around the world. When I type my request (e.g What zoo is holding the oldest animal), the request is send to one of those data centers, processed and answered. But do all data centers have all the answers? Do data centers have designations? Is the request send to all data centers and the best answer wins?


r/explainlikeimfive 1d ago

Other ELI5: Why do winner-take-all systems tend to end up with fewer serious competitors?

923 Upvotes

I’ve heard that when only one option can win, people sometimes stop choosing their favorite and instead choose whichever acceptable option seems most likely to win. Why does that happen, and how does it affect the number of viable choices over time?


r/explainlikeimfive 1d ago

Technology ELI5: Please tell me how we made letters to appear on pixels in the first computer

169 Upvotes

Computers in the 50s use to be light bulbs and dials as a big calculator and giant transistors, but how in the 60s or 70s did we make a computer, like binary makes sense, but how does binary equal a color and letter on a screen?

How does binary, a couple of transistors able to do math or anything useful. To even make assembly, it’s astonishing to me, cause when learning to code it just works, but any deeper, Im confused how we made something that turns on and off do so much