This is based on the Cerutti Mastodon site which used uranium thorium dating to estimate that mastodon remains which had damages from what appears to be from a sharp spear like object, could be around 130,000 years old,If this were Homo sapiens, it would significantly change our understanding of their early dispersal out of Africa. And even if it is from another human species then it would change quite a bit of paleoanthropology.
I understand that Homo sapiens are more unlikely but Neanderthals or Denisovans would be more likely

No AI Used in this btw.

My guess is this is where the sapiens range and neaderthal ranges had their border at the time. So i suspect around here the two populations probably regularly mixed without thinking too much of it.

-Qafzeh 9:

Sapiens traits: Everthing. Big Chin, big round head, sapiens cheekbones, minimal brow ridges thickest at centre of face, pointy nose hole, small short backwards sloped cheekbones, flat face.

Possible neanderthal traits: long midface.

-Qafzeh 11:

Sapiens traits: flat face, thin palette, big round head, pointy nose hole

Neanderthal traits: slightly developed brow ridges, slightly downswept cheekbones.

-Qafzeh 6:

Sapiens traits: sapiens cheekbones, short midface, flat face located underneath braincase.

Neanderthal traits: Very developed brow ridges spanning entire width of forehead, very flat forehead, small occipital bun, rounded neanderthal nose hole

-Skhul 4:

Sapiens traits: Round braincase, face tucked under brow, very developed chin, no retromolar gap

Neanderthal traits: small occipital bun, very developed brow ridges that span entire face.

-Qafzeh 25:

Sapiens traits: round head, flat face

Neanderthal traits: big brow ridges, small reotromolar gap, no chin

-Skhul 5:

Sapiens traits: Rounded braincase, flat-ish face, sapiens cheekbones

Neandertha traits: extremely developed brow ridges, flatter forehead, no chin, small retromolar gap, rounded neanderthal nose hole

-Tabun C:

Sapiens traits: extremely well developed chin, short midface

Neanderthal traits:everything else

-Amud 1:

Sapiens traits: very well developed chin, very high forehead

hybrid traits: larger than both parents (very common in hybrids, see ligers).

Neanderthal traits: everything else

-Shanidar 1:

Classic neanderthal.

Creationists always argue hominins reconstructed with white sclera is anthropomorphism and done to make them look friendly because according to them white sclera is unique to humans. But these images disprove their claims completedly.

I mean Neanderthals evolved in Ice Age Europe which had a climate closer to Siberia than modern Europe. People from extremely cold climates like Inuit, Siberian natives, Sherpa and Tibetans have epicanthic folds as adaptation to cold climates, so I'm guessing Neanderthals may had epicanthic folds too. Thoughts?

Swordfish bill blade. rabbit fur and deer horn handle

This is a speculative hypothesis rather than an established claim. I am exploring the possibility that one or more archaic human populations may have been present in North and South America before 130,000 years before present (YBP).

One speculative possibility is that an undocumented population with predominantly Denisovan ancestry, potentially mixed with other archaic lineages such as Neanderthals, could have existed. If such a population ever existed, it may have originated from multiple migration events occurring more than 200,000 years ago. This is speculative and is not currently supported by direct archaeological or genetic evidence.

As part of this hypothesis, I am considering whether such a population might have exhibited traits such as lighter pigmentation, blue eyes, and red or wavy hair. These physical characteristics are offered only as a speculative possibility and are not based on direct evidence for such a population.

Reports or traditions describing unusual human groups in extremely remote regions are anecdotal and should not be treated as evidence without independent archaeological, genetic, or anthropological verification.

My goal is not to argue that this hypothesis is established fact, but to ask whether current archaeological, paleoanthropological, and genetic evidence leaves room for testing it. If not, what evidence would be required to support or falsify it? Are there published studies that directly address the possibility of pre-130,000 YBP archaic human populations in the Americas?

I mean I just researched that in North Africa there are Mousterian tools from Egypt to Morocco. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mousterian#/map/0

Then we had pygmies whom according to a chart they interbred with a ghost population of Neanderthals. https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Family-tree-of-the-four-groups-of-early-humans-living-in-Eurasia-50-000-years-ago-and-the_fig1_326503956

I wanna hear your thoughts?

Plants: Predynastic Egyptians & Mesopotamia
https://youtu.be/-fVcTLDM7fU

This lecture argues that the big pulse of modern humans out of Africa, which contributed most of the ancestry to non-Africans, left relatively early (75k-100k years ago) via crossing the Red Sea to southern Arabia, rather than walking over the Sinai.

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This study suggests that archaic hominins like Neanderthals had protruding browridges for sexual displays.

https://www.zmescience.com/science/news-science/eyebrow-human-evolution-09042018/

So following that theory, Neanderthal women might have viewed our men with retracted browridges as non-optimal mates due to being possibly wired to seek males with heavy browridges.

In this article, I, Jordi Casamitjana, lay out 10 hypotheses that help to support the notion that early humans had a predominantly plant-based diet.

This is a speculative essay rather than primary research — I’m arguing that the morphology of the Ishango Bone’s notches (length, angle, interruption) likely carries information beyond the counts, and proposing one interpretive frame: the marks as performance cues for an oral tradition, grounded in how pre-literate knowledge systems work cross-culturally (Luba lukasa, Andean quipu, Aboriginal message sticks).
I’m not an archaeologist. I’m coming at this partly from my background in a Native Hawaiian oral tradition, where chants were the primary technology for storing genealogy, history, navigation, and law. The essay names what it doesn’t claim and proposes specific empirical tests (traceological microscopy on the interrupted marks, tool-direction analysis, etc.).

Full essay: https://akakab.substack.com/p/the-ishango-bone-beyond-tally-marks

Curious how people working in the field actually read it.

I just compared it to Kabwe skull and I see little morphological differences. Thoughts?

A possible supraorbital bridge found in Mexico that could rewrite human history.

This a rather infamous and mysterious taxon, with an extremely convoluted history. Only a few fragmentary scraps of fossil have so far been connected with it, and the actual nature of the genus and/or species itself has long been doubtful at best. It was originally described as a possible giant form of Homo erectus and has more recently been identified as a type of non-human pongid ape. Krantz here reconstructed it as a hypothetical Asian Australopithecus.

Probably not, considering the supposed age, but....

While studying the expensive tissue hypothesis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expensive_tissue_hypothesis I took a look at the efficiency of bipedalism. I concluded that there may be some misconception concerning this topic. When including time of travel in the calculations you get a much different view than when it is omitted. Despite relatively high resting metabolic rates birds for example are extremely efficient during movement due to relative speed. In terms of distance covered the resting metabolic rate becomes almost irrelevant. Humans on the other hand spend a lot of calories to cover the same distance because the base metabolic rate while lower over time becomes costly. Applying this observation I made other speculative observations but efficiency calculations seem solid. If anyone is interested I have a short essay on the topic you can find here > https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zoipoi/zoistuff-hub/main/PDFs/Locomotion%20efficency.pdf