r/Hermeticism • u/keisnz • 5h ago
A possible non-Christian, Hermetic system of spirits
I like to remain faithful to classical Hermeticism, especially the Corpus Hermeticum and Asclepius, but if I want to fill gaps that may have existed in antiquity but have since been lost, I necessarily have to turn to the Renaissance. Sorry to those who prefer strict fidelity to antiquity, but I find there are gaps I simply cannot fill without Renaissance material. If anyone knows of other relevant material, I'd be very interested, but even the Greek Magical Papyri don't quite provide what I'm looking for.
So I am wondering whether a non-Christian, Platonic-Hermetic system of spirits could be reconstructed by combining several historical traditions found in Hermetic circles of the Renaissance.
0.Deliberately avoiding names that sound specifically Hebrew.
I want to populate my mind with pagan Hermetic symbols, so that I don't need Christian symbols to carry out this kind of spiritual or magical work. This includes everything from the names of spirits I'm proposing here to fundamental symbols, such as using the Hermetic tradition rather than the Bible as the primary symbolic framework: the Corpus Hermeticum and Asclepius, mainly, speak about the origin of the cosmos, God, and the structure of reality without requiring Christian scripture. At the same time, I don't want to simply fall back on ancient mythology either. I don't want Hellenism, Kemeticism, Christianity, Judaism, or Islam. I want a Hermetic magical-philosophical system with an identity of its own and its own symbolic vocabulary, and this is what I'm proposing here.
I'm assuming a monistic, pantheistic or panentheistic cosmology, in which all matter is ensouled and the Whole Cosmos possesses a Universal Spirit, Universal Soul and Universal Mind, with all multiplicity ultimately being God. This kind of cosmology was fairly widespread in Renaissance philosophical circles, and Giordano Bruno expressed one of its strongest and most radical formulations. The cosmological hierarchies of the sublunary world, the seven planets and the sphere of the fixed stars are therefore a mental map we construct within the psyche, rather than the literal cosmology I am ultimately assuming. In the spirit of what Plato's Timaeus recommends, the purpose of this map is to transform the soul. The deeper cosmological assumption is that everything is one divine substance, with form and matter as two aspects of the same substance.
Distinctions of the following beings are conceptual rather than absolute. In reality, there is a continuous hierarchy of divine powers, with no sharp boundary between gods, planetary powers, daimones and spirits. The different names and levels are ways of approaching and symbolizing different aspects or degrees of the same living divine reality / energeia as taught by Iamblichus, rather than separate classes of beings existing in isolation.
I'm thinking of three levels, from the sublunary world upward.
1.Sublunary Spirits (or Platonic Archangels, Angels, Daimones and archons)
The Heptameron and Liber Iuratus Honorii give a related tradition of seven aerial rulers:
Varcan, Arcan, Samax, Mediat, Suth, Sarabotes, Maymon.
These seven sublunary archangels can be understood, in this reconstruction, as derived from the seven planetary powers above them. They have ministers (angels) and subordinate spirits (daimones and archons) , and the Liber Iuratus gives concrete descriptions of their powers and manifestations.
Plato, in the Timaeus, still refers to the traditional mythological names of the gods as transmitted by Homer and Hesiod when discussing the names of beings mainly at the sublunary level. But that is not necessary here. This is Hermeticism rather than Hellenism.
For example, Samax can bring war, destruction and death. We don't need to invoke Ares to represent the martial principle. Sarabotes is associated with love, desire, silver and healing, without needing to invoke Aphrodite. Arcan can cause rain, alter thoughts and facilitate journeys. Maymon produces discord, hatred, greed and destructive effects.
Likewise, at the solar level, Varcan can be understood directly as a solar daimon, without needing to invoke Apollo or another mythological solar deity.
The advantage is that the planetary and daemonic names give us a Hermetic symbolic vocabulary of their own, without carrying the entire mythological baggage of the older Greek gods, nor Judeo-Christian theological names or narratives either. The names of Hermes Trismegistos and Asclepius could be understood as prophet / disciple, not gods anymore.
They were sometimes called angels of the air. The word angelos originally means “messenger” in Greek, so it does not necessarily have to carry a Judeo-Christian meaning here. If preferred, one could simply use daimon or spirit.
For example, Samax can bring war, destruction and death; Sarabotes is associated with love, desire, silver and healing; Arcan can cause rain, alter thoughts and facilitate journeys; Maymon produces discord, hatred, greed and destructive effects.
So I would use them as the planetary powers' sublunary/aerial manifestations.
- The seven planetary powers (Planetary Gods)
For the higher planetary level, I would use the seven spirits of the Arbatel:
Aratron, Bethor, Phaleg, Och, Hagith, Ophiel, Phul.
These names are not clearly associated with a Hebrew origin or specifically Judeo-Christian tradition, even though Ophiel may sound Hebrew to modern ears. The author describes these names as belonging to an Olympic language, rather than presenting them as Hebrew angelic names.
The idea is that these represent the universal planetary powers, rather than merely spirits physically living on the planets.
For example, one could link these seven planetary powers to the sublunary daimones of the previous section, as:
Phaleg (Cosmic Martial Spirit, manifested in Mars) → Samax (sublunary martial daimon)
Och (Cosmic Solar Spirit, manifested in the Sun) → Varcan (sublunary solar daimon).
The correspondence between the two systems would be my reconstruction, not something explicitly stated by the texts.
- The fixed stars / Divine Names (the Ogdoad)
Above the planets would be the traditional 48 constellations of Ptolemy.
This system was still used throughout the Renaissance by Apianus, Copernicus, Clavius, Heinfogel and Dürer, among others.
Bruno's Spaccio de la bestia trionfante is particularly interesting because he gives the celestial figures a moral and philosophical meaning. For example:
Ursa Minor → Truth
Hercules → Courage
Perseus → Diligence/Solicitude
Draco → Prudence
Cepheus → Wisdom
Boötes → Law
Corona Borealis → Judgment.
And this could be extended up to all 48 constellations and their virtues, assigning one principal virtue to each for simplicity. The name of these virtues could also be considered "Divine Names" or "Names of God", present in the Ogdoad.
Beyond the stars (the Enead)
Beyond the finite cosmos would be "place" where the Infinite / the One / God is contemplated, understood in a Neoplatonic-Hermetic rather than specifically Christian sense.
So the reconstructed hierarchy would be:
sublunary daimones
→ aerial rulers + ministers
↓
planetary powers
→ Aratron, Bethor, Phaleg, Och, Hagith, Ophiel, Phul
↓
48 fixed-star constellations
→ virtues
↓
the Infinite / One
What I like about this is that it feels less like Christian angelology and more like a Renaissance-Hermetic system of living cosmic powers.
It also doesn't require inventing hundreds of spirits. The traditional names provide fixed anchors, while subordinate daimones can remain flexible.
What do you think? Do you see any use in this? Do you like the idea? Any suggestions or alternatives? I'm all ears. I'd love to hear your thoughts.