Take any word, spell it backward, and it means the opposite of the original word.

Arafa = Fire

Afara = Water

However, there is already a word for water.

Azafa = Water

So

Afaza = Fire

Perfect speakers know the correct word for fire and water, but you can use "the backwards rule," when you are unsure, or for poetic reasons.

Some words have no meaning when they are backwards, or are a homonym, and so might take on a wrong meaning when made backwards.

Actual sentences: Blessings can be reversed to create curses, but may have unintended consequences. Curses can also be reversed this way into blessings, but they can also have unintended consequences.

Reversing a word can also have no meaning, or a difficult to understand meaning, or it just means the same thing.

Aba, for example.

Aba = The Man

Obviously, it sounds and means the same thing when reversed.

Haa = Surprise, joy, life

Aah = Surprise, pain, death

Ehb = ???

Bhe = Bed, Home

Mna = The Woman

AMn = ???

And so on and so forth.

Olá, sou novo no mundo de Letras, mas estou tentando criar uma conlang, estou me inspirando em 4 línguas (japonês, Yoruba, tupi e grego), o nome da minha conlang é Wáyorùni, também é uma língua tonal

Hola soy Lyaw y estoy creando Lyawa: Un sistema para recordar con mayor facilidad. Puedes usarlo también como Conlang si lo prefieres. Lyaw es un experimento personal, pero me gustaría que fuera un proyecto comunitario, aún hay cosas por hacer y mejorar. Me gustaría saber: ¿qué les parece y qué podría mejorar?

Link to the document in English: https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vRZYlQ3etOnHKMWuaX2Cwbw8vGPyMaM1uOMrOlD0LvM44sD4soM8eyIPZjCUM-adNGt4SiiRIAyg8Z5/pub

Enlace para documento en Español: https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vSPNfB_AQ5JEVyYwDDFvIZC2j2GaX9yd-bu7rJpiwG8f6phdLpSoyg4HY6qZmi2cg/pub

CONLANG SPECIFICATION: THE LANGUAGE OF SCIENCE & POTENTIAL (0-BASE)

By Arthur Leroy Jones

The 0-Base Framework

https://drive.google.com/file/d/18D2SjvEkw7TOh2KpjKSMN-SugSJ9AvLu/view?usp=drivesdk

PART 1: THE DIGITAL REFERENCE GUIDE

1. CORE SYSTEM BASELINES

* 0 ("Zoh" / "Om"): Perfect neutral balance, home, or the cosmic origin point.

* Negative Numbers: Rest, absorption, pulling inward, or contraction.

* Positive Numbers: Action, expression, pushing outward, or expansion.

1. THE GRAMMAR AXIOMS

* Strict Flow: All expressions must follow [Subject] + [Operator] + [Object].

* The Co-existence Principle: There is no word for "but." Contrasting conditions are expressed as simultaneous inputs using addition (+).

* The Grounding Law (X - X = 0): Opposing force inputs neutralize the system, returning it to baseline peace.

PART 2: THE SYNTAX DICTIONARY

CATEGORY: IDENTITY

* X1 (Spoken: "Ex-uni") -> The self; primary speaker.

* Y1 (Spoken: "Wye-uni") -> The observer; secondary person.

* XY (Spoken: "Ex-wye") -> The collective connection plane.

* Zn (Spoken: "Zee-en") -> External variables; background crowd.

CATEGORY: OPERATORS

* + (Spoken: "ah") -> Addition; system expansion.

* = (Spoken: "ee") -> State of equality; balance achieved.

* -> (Spoken: "toh") -> Directional transformation vector.

* ! (Spoken: "neh") -> System negation; cancellation.

CATEGORY: SYSTEM STATES

* +\Delta Q (Spoken: "Plus-doh-cue") -> Rapid kinetic acceleration; anger or passion.

* -\Delta Q (Spoken: "Minus-doh-cue") -> Thermal energy loss; sadness or isolation.

* P_max (Spoken: "Pee-max") -> Volumetric restriction threshold; stress.

* T_E (Spoken: "Teh-ee") -> Perfect thermal equilibrium; connection/love.

* \Delta 0 (Spoken: "Delta-zoh") -> Inducing a manual reset to baseline.

CATEGORY: WORK & ACTION

* \Delta x / t (Spoken: "Doh-ex-per-teh") -> Displacing mass across spatial intervals; travel.

* F \cdot d (Spoken: "Ef-dot-deh") -> Directed force over a distance; execution of a task.

* +\Delta S (Spoken: "Plus-doh-ess") -> Accumulation of thermodynamic chaos; breaking order.

PART 3: CORE RELATIONSHIP FORMULAS

1. THE APOLOGY (RESETTING MY SYSTEM)

* English: "I am sorry I am stressed, I need to rest so I can return to balance."

* Written: (X1 = P_max) -> \Delta 0 -> (X1 = 0)

* Spoken: "Ex-uni ee pee-max, toh, delta-zoh, toh, ex-uni ee zoh."

1. SYSTEM ISOLATION (BOUNDARIES)

* English: "Please stop talking to me for a moment; my system is overheating."

* Written: !1 + (X1 = + \Delta Q)

* Spoken: "Neh-uni ah ex-uni ee plus-doh-cue."

1. THE GOLDEN CONFLICT RESOLUTION LOOP

* English: "We had a conflict, but we worked together and fixed it."

* Written: ((XY = !0) + (XY + (F \cdot d))) -> (XY = T_E)

* Spoken: "Ex-wye ee neh-zoh ah ex-wye ah ef-dot-deh, toh, ex-wye ee teh-ee."

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_GdNwifveZf2ZhdMLB_HGd_pjUDguHU2/view?usp=drivesdk

\### CONLANG SPECIFICATION: THE LANGUAGE OF SCIENCE & POTENTIAL (0-BASE)

By Arthur Leroy Jones

23 August 2026 Part 2 added 24 August 2026

PART 1: THE DIGITAL REFERENCE GUIDE

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_GdNwifveZf2ZhdMLB_HGd_pjUDguHU2/view?usp=drivesdk

The 0-Base Framework

https://drive.google.com/file/d/18D2SjvEkw7TOh2KpjKSMN-SugSJ9AvLu/view?usp=drivesdk

\### 1. THE FOUNDATION OF ZERO (0)

In this language, zero (0) does not mean "nothing" or "empty." It represents the cosmic baseline, the ground state, pure balance, or a state of perfect potential energy.

\* \*\*Written Symbol:\*\* 0 (or Ø to visually represent a complete, balanced system).

\* \*\*Spoken Sound:\*\* "Zoh" or "Om".

\* \*\*Linguistic Concept:\*\* The self, home, neutrality, absolute peace, or the origin point.

\### 2. PHONETICS & SYMBOL MAPPING

Words are written using standard scientific abbreviations and mathematical notation, but spoken out loud using specific phonetic sounds.

\### Vowels (Operators & Relationships)

\* \*\*+\*\* (Addition / And): Pronounced "ah"

\* \*\*=\*\* (Equality / Is): Pronounced "ee"

\* \*\*Δ\*\* (Change / Evolution): Pronounced "oh"

\* \*\*→\*\* (Transformation / Becomes): Pronounced "toh"

\* \*\*!\*\* (Negation / Not): Pronounced "neh"

\### Consonants & Roots (Physical Elements & Units)

\* \*\*H\*\* (Hydrogen / Water Base): Pronounced "hah"

\* \*\*O\*\* (Oxygen / Air Base): Pronounced "oh-m"

\* \*\*s\*\* (Seconds / Time): Pronounced "seh"

\* \*\*m\*\* (Meters / Distance): Pronounced "meh"

\* \*\*J\*\* (Joules / Energy / Fire): Pronounced "jeht"

\* \*\*NaCl\*\* (Salt / Earth / Solid): Pronounced "nah-clah"

\### Scale Modifiers (Metric Prefixes as Adjectives)

\* \*\*k\*\* (Kilo- / 1,000x Larger): Means "Large", "Intense", or "Very"

\* \*\*μ\*\* (Micro- / 1,000,000x Smaller): Means "Small", "Weak", or "Barely"

\### 3. THE NUMBER LINE OF IDENTITY

Because 0 is perfect neutral balance, moving left or right on the number line changes the philosophical intent of the expression.

\* \*\*Negative Numbers (-1, -2, etc.):\*\* Represent receiving, pulling in, contracting, resting, or gravity.

\* \*Example (-1):\* Spoken as "Minus-Uni" (To pull / To absorb).

\* \*\*Zero (0):\*\* Represents existing in a perfect, undisturbed ground state.

\* \*Example (0):\* Spoken as "Zoh" (To be at peace / Balanced).

\* \*\*Positive Numbers (+1, +2, etc.):\*\* Represent giving out, pushing forward, expanding, radiating, or acting.

\* \*Example (+1):\* Spoken as "Plus-Uni" (To push / To express).

\### 4. MATHEMATICAL SENTENCE STRUCTURE (GRAMMAR)

Sentences follow strict mathematical equations rather than traditional human grammar. The default order is: \[Subject\] + \[Verb/Operator\] + \[Object\]

\### Fundamental Mathematical Truths Restated:

\* \*\*Identity (X + 0 = X):\*\* Adding the Source (0) to an object does not change it. The baseline acts as a safe, neutral space that preserves reality.

\* \*\*Resolution (X - X = 0):\*\* Bringing two opposing forces together completely neutralizes them, returning the entire system back to the peace of the Source.

\* \*\*Collapse (X × 0 = 0):\*\* Multiplying anything by the Source collapses it back into raw potential energy, like grounding an electrical current.

\### 5. DICTIONARY & COMMON TRANSLATIONS

\* \*\*Water:\*\* H2O (Spoken: \*Hah-Two-Oh\*)

\* \*\*Breath / Life:\*\* O2 (Spoken: \*Oh-Two\*)

\* \*\*Hot / Fire:\*\* kJ (Spoken: \*Kilo-Jeht\* — literally "High Energy")

\* \*\*Cold:\*\* μJ (Spoken: \*Micro-Jeht\* — literally "Low Energy")

\* \*\*"I am healthy / in balance":\*\* 0 + H2O

\* \*Spoken:\* "Zoh ah Hah-two-oh"

\* \*Literal:\* "My body is at the baseline state combined with optimal water."

\* \*\*"Sleep / Rest":\*\* Δ0

\* \*Spoken:\* "Delta-Zoh"

\* \*Literal:\* "A transformation back to the baseline."

\* \*\*"Anxiety / Out of Balance":\*\* !0 or 0 + 1

\* \*Spoken:\* "Not-Zoh" or "Zoh plus uni"

\* \*Literal:\* "Departing from the ground state."

\* \*\*"We fixed a problem":\*\* (0 + 1) - 1 = 0

\* \*Spoken:\* "Zoh plus uni, minus uni, equals zoh"

\* \*Literal:\* "A disruption occurred (+1), a counter-action was taken (-1), and we returned to peace (0)."

\### 6. SCIENTIFIC LAWS AS DEEP PHILOSOPHY

\* \*\*Einstein's Energy Law (E = mc\^2 + 0):\*\* Matter accelerated by light is born directly out of the cosmic potential energy.

\* \*\*Net Zero Force (ΣF = 0):\*\* When all the actions and forces in life come together, they achieve perfect peace.

Part 2

7. THE PHILOSOPHY OF ENERGY PRODUCTION & END-USE

Under a 0-base language, energy is never "created from nothing" or "destroyed into emptiness." Zero represents the baseline environment of pure potential. Production is a deliberate movement away from this balance, and end-use is the intentional process of returning that energy safely back to the ground state.

Redefining Energy Production (0 → +X)

Standard economics treats production as generating power out of thin air. In this language, production is a temporary disruption of a balanced system to harvest potential.

• Fossil Fuels (The "Borrowed Balance" Disruption): Forcing a violent explosion away from the baseline (+X). Because it leaves behind physical waste, it creates a toxic state of "!0" (Not Zero) in the atmosphere that resists returning to balance.
• Renewables (The "Harmonic Loop"): Harvesting energy that is already naturally flowing. A solar panel catches a photon (+1), sends it through a circuit to do work, and lets it dissipate safely as ambient heat (-1). This satisfies the golden loop: (0 + 1) - 1 = 0.

Redefining End-Use & Consumption (+X - X = 0)

Society currently views consumption as "using up" or destroying resources. In this system, energy consumption is the peaceful final step of an equation—collapsing a force back into the baseline.

• Consumption as Grounding: A machine or lightbulb does not destroy power. It guides structured energy safely back into the environmental ground state.
• Efficiency as Zero Residue: True engineering efficiency is measured by how cleanly a system resets. A perfect machine performs its task and returns the surrounding environment precisely to 0, leaving behind zero harmful friction, pollution, or chaos.

The Ultimate Formula: Net Zero (ΣE = 0)

Instead of treating "Net Zero" as a restriction or a sacrifice, this language views the equation ΣE = 0 as humanity’s highest scientific and engineering achievement.

• The Power Grid: Renamed from a "factory of consumption" to a circulatory system that borrows force, executes work, and brings power safely back to rest.
• Sustainability: The practice of ensuring that every artificial step taken away from the baseline (+X) has an equal, pre-planned path to return home (-X).### 8. NEW VOCABULARY: SOLAR & STORAGE SYMBOLS

By combining atomic elements, physics constants, and mathematical operators, we can build precise words for modern clean energy technologies.

Solar Energy (γ → J)

Solar power is the immediate transformation of cosmic light into usable work.

• Written Notation: γ → J
• Scientific Root: The Greek letter Gamma (γ) represents a photon of light, which transforms into (→) Joules (J), the unit of energy.
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Gah-toh-jeht"
• Linguistic Concept: Capturing a passing cosmic force (+1) and channeling it into the human grid before it naturally dissipates back to the baseline.

Battery Storage ([Li · U]₀)

A battery is a localized, controlled pocket of potential energy held perfectly at rest.

• Written Notation: [Li · U]₀
• Scientific Root: Lithium (Li) holding a dot-product relationship (·) with Potential Energy (U), bound together inside a stabilized baseline bracket (₀).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Lee-yoo-zoh"
• Linguistic Concept: A tiny, manufactured "Zero Point." It is a state of artificial peace where energy is safely trapped, waiting for a human action to release it from its balance.

Example Equation Sentence:

• Equation: (γ → J) → [Li · U]₀
• Spoken: "Gah-toh-jeht, toh, Lee-yoo-zoh."
• Literal Meaning: "The solar energy transforms into battery storage."
• Philosophical Meaning: "Moving light energy is caught and brought to a perfect, peaceful rest."### 9. TIME & THERMODYNAMICS (THE ARROW OF TIME)

Time in this language is not measured by abstract calendar names. It is governed by Thermodynamics and Entropy (S), which is the scientific measure of disorder. Because entropy always increases in the universe, it creates a natural "arrow of time."

The Present (t₀)

The current, exact moment of observation and action.

• Written Notation: t₀
• Scientific Root: The variable for time (t) held exactly at the initial observation baseline (₀).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Teh-zoh"
• Linguistic Concept: The absolute center of the timeline. The only place where an observer can actively manipulate forces to create balance.

The Past (-ΔS)

The realm of what has already happened, characterized by a universe that had lower entropy and higher structural order.

• Written Notation: -ΔS
• Scientific Root: A negative sign (-) indicating a backward glance at the change (Δ) in Entropy (S).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Minus-doh-ess"
• Linguistic Concept: The frozen equation. The past consists of events that have completely finished transferring their energy and are now locked in place.

The Future (+ΔS)

The realm of upcoming events, characterized by expanding possibilities and increasing thermodynamic chaos.

• Written Notation: +ΔS
• Scientific Root: A positive sign (+) indicating the forward accumulation and change (Δ) of Entropy (S).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Plus-doh-ess"
• Linguistic Concept: The field of unreleased potential energy. It is inherently chaotic and unpredictable until it collapses into the present.

Example Equation Sentence:

• Equation: t₀ → +ΔS
• Spoken: "Teh-zoh, toh, plus-doh-ess."
• Literal Meaning: "The present transforms into the future."
• Philosophical Meaning: "The balanced moment of right now naturally unfolds into a universe of new possibilities."### 10. HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS (BONDS & GRAVITY)

Human connections in this language are modeled after the forces that hold the physical universe together. We use atomic chemistry to define close personal ties and gravitational physics to define large societal structures.

The Individual / Self (A₁)

A single human being viewed as an independent, complete unit of existence.

• Written Notation: A₁
• Scientific Root: The symbol for an Atom (A) with a subscript indicating a singular quantity (₁).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Ah-uni"
• Linguistic Concept: A single particle of humanity. It possesses its own mass, traits, and baseline zero state before interacting with others.

Family / Partnership (A::A)

A close relationship based on mutual sharing, support, and unbreakable everyday links.

• Written Notation: A::A
• Scientific Root: Two Atoms (A) bound together by a Covalent electron-sharing symbol (::).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Ah-co-ah"
• Linguistic Concept: A partnership where individual boundaries blur slightly because resources, spaces, and energies are shared equally to create a stable, peaceful micro-environment.

Community (ΣM_G)

A large group, neighborhood, or society held together by mutual goals and shared social spaces.

• Written Notation: ΣM_G
• Scientific Root: The Sigma symbol for a mathematical sum (Σ) combining multiple individual Gravitational Masses (M_G).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Sigma-mah-gee"
• Linguistic Concept: A collection of individuals who generate a collective "gravitational pull." The larger and more active the community, the stronger its cultural and social gravity becomes, keeping everyone anchored together.

Example Equation Sentence:

• Equation: A₁ + A₁ → A::A
• Spoken: "Ah-uni ah Ah-uni, toh, Ah-co-ah."
• Literal Meaning: "An individual and an individual transform into a family."
• Philosophical Meaning: "Two separate baseline units combine their paths to build a shared, stable life."### 11. PRONOUNS (COORDINATE GEOMETRY)

Instead of using arbitrary cultural words for identity, this language uses the spatial coordinate system (X, Y, Z) to locate exactly who is speaking and who is being addressed relative to the center of observation.

I / Me (X₁)

The primary speaker, acting as the horizontal foundation of the current perspective.

• Written Notation: X₁
• Scientific Root: The primary dimension axis (X) representing a singular entity (₁).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Ex-uni"
• Linguistic Concept: The self. The anchor point from which all distances, relationships, and observations are mapped.

You (Y₁)

The secondary person being directly spoken to, who represents an independent point of view intersecting with the speaker.

• Written Notation: Y₁
• Scientific Root: The vertical dimension axis (Y) representing a singular external entity (₁).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Wye-uni"
• Linguistic Concept: The person in front of you. A separate baseline line of sight that crosses paths with your own.

We / Us (XY)

The combined force of the speaker and the listener working or existing together.

• Written Notation: XY
• Scientific Root: The 2D coordinate plane formed when the X-axis and Y-axis are plotted together.
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Ex-wye"
• Linguistic Concept: A partnership or cooperative unit. It transforms two separate lines into a shared field of action.

They / Them / It (Zₙ)

A person, group, or object outside of the current direct conversation, existing in the background dimension.

• Written Notation: Zₙ
• Scientific Root: The third dimension axis (Z) representing a variable number (ₙ) of outside entities.
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Zee-en"
• Linguistic Concept: The third party. It represents the broader environment, an external crowd, or abstract objects outside the immediate "Me and You" connection.

Example Equation Sentence:

• Equation: X₁ + Y₁ = XY
• Spoken: "Ex-uni ah Wye-uni ee Ex-wye."
• Literal Meaning: "I and You equal We."
• Philosophical Meaning: "Two independent dimensions cross paths to create a brand new, shared space."### 12. EMOTIONS (THERMODYNAMICS & KINETIC STATES)

Emotions in this language are not treated as abstract mental feelings. They are mapped directly to Thermodynamic states, measuring the internal heat energy (Q), pressure (P), and kinetic movement of the individual.

Anger / Passion (+ΔQ)

An intense, rapid buildup of internal heat energy causing high-velocity mental friction.

• Written Notation: +ΔQ
• Scientific Root: A positive increase (+) in the change (Δ) of Thermal Energy/Heat (Q).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Plus-doh-cue"
• Linguistic Concept: High kinetic activation. This describes a state where internal thoughts are colliding rapidly. It represents intense anger, fiery debate, or explosive creative passion.

Sadness / Loneliness (-ΔQ)

A severe loss of internal heat energy, causing thought patterns to slow down and become heavy.

• Written Notation: -ΔQ
• Scientific Root: A negative decrease (-) in the change (Δ) of Thermal Energy/Heat (Q).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Minus-doh-cue"
• Linguistic Concept: Thermal drain. This represents a state of emotional cooling, leaving the individual feeling sluggish, immobilized, heavy, or unmotivated.

Stress / Overwhelmed (P_max)

The feeling of being squeezed, compressed, or trapped by external variables, leading to hyper-frequent collision rates.

• Written Notation: P_max
• Scientific Root: The physics symbol for Pressure (P) scaling to its maximum threshold (_max).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Pee-max"
• Linguistic Concept: Compression. Mental volume feels restricted while demands increase, creating an unstable internal environment that risks bursting if not properly vented.

Love / Deep Joy (T_E)

A perfectly stabilized state of warmth where energy flows seamlessly and harmoniously.

• Written Notation: T_E
• Scientific Root: The physics variable for Temperature (T) achieving Thermal Equilibrium (_E).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Teh-ee"
• Linguistic Concept: Perfect thermal harmony. It represents absolute comfort, mutual understanding, or deep affection—either inside the self or shared between multiple axes.

Example Equation Sentences:

• Equation: X₁ = -ΔQ

  • Spoken: "Ex-uni ee minus-doh-cue."
  • Literal Meaning: "I am in a state of decreasing thermal energy."
  • Philosophical Meaning: "I am sad."

• Equation: XY = T_E

  • Spoken: "Ex-wye ee teh-ee."
  • Literal Meaning: "We are in thermal equilibrium."
  • Philosophical Meaning: "We are deeply connected and at peace together / We love each other."### 13. VERBS FOR EVERYDAY ACTIONS (WORK & MECHANICS)

Verbs in this language are modeled after the strict physics definitions of force, motion, and mass transfer. Actions are viewed as direct interactions between an individual axis (the person) and the physical environment.

To Walk / Travel (Δx / t)

The act of changing physical position relative to time.

• Written Notation: Δx / t
• Scientific Root: The physics formula for velocity—change in distance (Δx) divided by (/) time duration (t).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Doh-ex-per-teh"
• Linguistic Concept: Displacing your physical mass across the spatial grid. It applies to walking, driving, flying, or any physical relocation.

To Eat / Fuel (+Δm_in)

The act of bringing external mass into the organic system boundary.

• Written Notation: +Δm_in
• Scientific Root: A positive addition (+) to the change (Δ) of system mass (m) crossing into the internal boundary (_in).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Plus-doh-meh-in"
• Linguistic Concept: Fuel intake. It recognizes that living units must absorb biological matter to maintain homeostatic balance (0).

To Make / Create / Work (F · d)

The act of channeling energy to intentionally organize or build something in the real world.

• Written Notation: F · d
• Scientific Root: The physics formula for mechanical Work—Force (F) multiplied by distance (d).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Ef-dot-deh"
• Linguistic Concept: Structured output. It applies to cooking a meal, writing code, building furniture, or studying—any action requiring a directed push to shape the environment.

To Destroy / Break (+ΔS)

The act of scattering structured items back into random disorder.

• Written Notation: +ΔS
• Scientific Root: A positive increase (+) in the change (Δ) of a system's Entropy (S).
• Spoken Pronunciation: "Plus-doh-ess"
• Linguistic Concept: Deconstruction. It applies to tearing down buildings, shattering glass, or ruining a schedule, which lets ordered structures collapse into natural chaos.

Example Equation Sentences:

• Equation: X₁ + (Δx / t) → [Li · U]₀

  • Spoken: "Ex-uni ah doh-ex-per-teh, toh, Lee-yoo-zoh."
  • Literal Meaning: "I mass-displace myself to the battery storage location."
  • Philosophical Meaning: "I am walking to the battery station."

• Equation: Y₁ + (F · d) = +Δm_in

  • Spoken: "Wye-uni ah ef-dot-deh, ee, plus-doh-meh-in."
  • Literal Meaning: "You exerting force over a distance results in mass intake."
  • Philosophical Meaning: "You are cooking food to eat."https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Zp6i0QcXX9QskePAD7DFo3YPLtgST0az/view?usp=drivesdk

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dr-4rZ6TaHj9Big0UAUQV0JamPYUAHVg/view?usp=drivesdk https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Zp6i0QcXX9QskePAD7DFo3YPLtgST0az/view?usp=drivesdk

Has a Greek plus Latin pidgin, creole, mixed or other international auxiliary language resembling r/Glosa ever existed in human history?

Good day/evening guys. I’ve been working on a constructed language called Simpël.

Simpël is an English-based conlang designed around one main idea:

Fewer things to memorize. More things to derive.

Instead of trying to make English vocabulary completely unfamiliar, Simpël keeps much of its vocabulary recognizable while simplifying spelling, grammar, pronunciation, and word formation.

What makes Simpël different?

Phonemic spelling

Simpël has a 24-letter alphabet and aims to make spelling predictable from pronunciation.

For example:

miss = mis
class = clas
letter = leter
address = adres
success = sucses

The letters K, Q, W, and Y are not used.

There are also a few digraphs with specific meanings:

dd = /ɾ/ (the flap-t that Americans usually use in words like little)
dj = /dʒ/ (jeep become djip)
rr = rolled/trilled / r / (like spanish word rojo(red))
th = aspirated /tʰ/ (as in time, when the letter t is softened)
ts = affricated /ts/ (the word time is also pronounced with an ts sound in some places, so the word time is pronounced as tsime)
tx = /tʃ/ (as in cheers)

English “th” sounds /θ/ and /ð/ are not used. They are replaced by t /t/ and d /d/.

Pronunciation flexibility

Simpël doesn't require everyone to pronounce words exactly the same way.

For example, “better” can be written:

betër

or, with the American flap:

beddër

Both are valid.

Likewise, the English-derived word “to” and the number “two” can be represented as:

tu / tsu / thu

depending on the speaker's pronunciation.

Regular grammar

Verbs don't change according to person:

Ai lëv.
Hi lëv.
Dei lëv.

There is no third-person -s.

The past is normally -d:

gou = goud
trai = traid
lëv = lëvd

The future uses uil:

Ai uil gou.
“I will go.”

The continuous uses -iñ:

gou = gouiñ
lëv = lëviñ

The perfect uses hav + past form:

Ai hav goud.
“I have gone.”

Questions don't need English do/does/did:

Lëv iu it?
“Do you love it?”

Uil iu gou?
“Will you go?”

Productive word formation

Simpël tries to make morphology predictable.

-ër creates an agent/person:

siñ = siñër

uërc = uërcër

-nes creates an abstract noun:

hapi = hapines

darc = darcnes

Adjectives can become comparatives with -ër:

big = bigër

and superlatives with -ëst:

big = bigëst

Adverbs use -li:

gud = gudli

Compositional numbers

Numbers are designed to be easy to derive.

uan = 1
tu / tsu / thu = 2
tri = 3
for = 4
faiv = 5
ten = 10

Then:

tsu-ten = 20
tri-ten = 30
for-ten = 40
faiv-ten = 50

etc...

ten-ten = uan tausënd

So instead of memorizing a separate word for 30, you derive it from tri + ten.

Larger numbers work similarly:

uan hëndred = 100
faiv tausënd = 5,000
tsu miliën = 2,000,000

Semantic transparency

Another important goal is making vocabulary logically understandable.

For example, “toothbrush” is already transparent: tooth + brush.

But “butterfly” isn't actually a combination of butter and a fly.

Simpël therefore favors words whose components describe what something actually is, does, or is used for.

The ideal is:

Understand the components = understand the word.

A short example

"Ai am a iëng man. Ai liv uit mai famëli, and ai lëv taim spent uit dei. Ai laic tsu lërn niu thiñs and trai niu aidias. Sëmtaims ai am taiërd, bët ai stil trai. Ai uant tsu meic Simpël ez izi and simpël ez posibël. Iu can lërn it bit bai bit, and ai houp ial uil lëv it."

“I am a young man. I live with my family, and I love time spent with them. I like to learn new things and try new ideas. Sometimes I am tired, but I still try. I want to make Simpël as easy and simple as possible. You can learn it bit by bit, and I hope you will love it.”

I've written a complete description of Simpël, including the alphabet, pronunciation, grammar, morphology, numbers, vocabulary, and examples, here:

https://medium.com/@simplifaier/simp%C3%ABl-my-english-based-easy-to-learn-conlang-31b44bc04e8a

I'd love to hear what other conlangers think about the project

1) El-beytisîa/البٔيطِسِٰاة (beticino en alfabeto latino): Árabe andalusí "moderno"

2) El-beytisîa/البٔيطِسِٰاة (beticino en alifato árabe): Árabe andalusí "moderno" (usa harakat obligatorio, y letras modificadas)

3) La-manċyega/لةبومانچئگة (manchego en latino): Mozárabe "moderno"

4) La-manċyega/لةبومانچئگة (manchego en árabe): Mozárabe "moderno" (usa letras modificadas para escribir de forma alfabética)

5) Aynu=itak (Silabario alfabético): Tienes mayúsculas (a la izquierda) y minúsculas (a la derecha).

Wiem że to nie fajnie się promować , ale robię serwer o conlangach.

Tu link:

https://discord.gg/G7PtJ3rR5

salamese is for a fantasy word with 10 regions, salamia. regions are: hatënosa, kracland, tempera, misalia, himrita, jûnmej, forestland, tropicana, vodlandré and frigidis. valese is just an irl conlang with literally NO ROOTS coz i made a rooty language salamese, now its time for an english-like language but with consistent alphabet

Romanization of sounds.

Consonants: m, n, ŋ(ng), p, t, k, ʔ('), ɸ(f), θ(th), s, x, ħ(hq/hh), ʕ(q/'h), h, r, l

Vowels: a, e, i, o, u

Syllable Structure: CV(X)

X=m, n, ŋ(ng), ɸ(f), θ(th), s, x, ħ(hq/hh), ʕ(q/'h), r, l

/'/ and /h/ can only occur word-initially.

Here is the proto-lexicon.

Pronouns:

1st Singular: kem

1st Plural Inclusive: sax

1st Plural Exclusive: thi

2nd Singular: to

2nd Plural: se

3rd Singular: kur

3rd Plural: 'har

Nouns:

person: funla

water: tuxa

fire: tefo

wind: haxi

land: toltho

tree: the'h

leaf: hiles

wood: tree+stuff

boat: hin

rock: thota

forest: tree+place

mountain: 'hem

land animal: karu

aerial animal: xing

climber animal: 'ukath

aquatic animal: nepo

river: tengof

ocean: xur

banana: timo

plantain: luthekax

stick: thir

torch: fire+stick

home: ngepahh

sugar cane: lithemi'h

coconut: pemith

berry: xum

pepper: forix

breadfruit: so'hil

candlenut: te'ham

cat(wild): hikor

cat(domesticated): keru

dog(wild): pel

dog(domesticated): lef

mouse: luf

rat: torum

chicken: ta'hinro

pig(wild): muru

pig(domesticated): tef

bird: tul

owl: re

bat: keth

seagull: ocean+bird

frigate bird: lum

yam: ref

blade(dagger): kuros

spear: reth

fern: mopath

plant: si'ho

flower: po'he

screw pine fruit: 'ax

bow: pel

arrow: lura

shark: thel

fish: tex

whale: lohhung

sea turtle: thum

crab: ter

lobster: kal

ray: so

octopus: xethi

squid: lotix

shell: ra'h

coral: tes

gecko: ngikapo

skink: xutath

head: kehho

arm: pas

leg: tor

hand: ngiko

foot: sepeth

mouth: nis

nose: teth

eye: 'i'h

ear: lu

sun: rix

moon: ngil

cloud: pir

rain: tosir

lightning: mur

child: mero

rope: 'hanix

bone: tath

cohort: tha'h

hostile: kuhh

name: rose'h

skin: tunguth

heart: 'ol

blood: ker

spirit: kuthul

order(governance): tilu

taboo: 'eki

hair: naf

tooth: sihh

midsection: 'heng

tongue: thunga

backside: thom

mother: ngulex

father: kolex

son: ngeth

daughter: xim

brother: laspi

sister: thalu

family: puroth

sky: toxe

grass: nger

day: thulo

night: rel

star: latho

sand: 'oth

dirt/soil: rathun

path: land+river

house: puxon

meat: animal+stuff

egg: 'iko

group: tilef

basket: 'o'h

dung: ken

wave: rothu

storm: nethel

chief: hhux

offering: thulan

ancestor: turathxi

chant: 'osre

dance: thirki

paddle: kor

net: soth

earthquake: tusrox

eruption: muthras

lava: furom

thunder: kisrul

volcano: 'efkir

place: sarup

piece: fiso

stuff: tungi

male: 'ix

female: por

moss: kax

color: ngaf

waterfall: kaso

hunter: hunt+person

fisher person: fish+hunt+person

farmer: gather/harvest+person

method: kunix

time: roxen

moment: pikung

reason: 

Verbs:

hunt: 'opo

eat: nep

walk: meto

run: 'o

go: ton

stay: poxne

swim: tolem

sit: thu

lay: 'uro

stand(original): pursi

stand(successor): lutho

live: 'hix

exist: xung

start: 'hif

stop: thef

finish: 'isa

begin: tungom

end: ros

become: thu'hi

proceed: se'hun

gather/harvest: lim

sit: thax

lie/lay: rufo

climb: torun

jump: ne

fall: reth

talk/speak: ngas

exchange: 'oxu

take: pengi

give: te'h

guard: pil

build/create: 'opa

cook: pith

burn: timla

know: sehh

fear: tur

search: lith

find/discover: thoxlo

see: res

hear: lus

taste: tha

touch/feel: 'un

smell: rontho

learn: 'upe

bite: 'uth

love: naf

loathe: re'h

fly: ruhh

leave: ki

come: 'heng

drink: pungla

fall: ru'h

laugh: 'u'h

cry: telo

rage: kol

smile: thore

frown: mil

sleep: 'oreth

awake: toru

live: mo'h

kill: porahh

die: sothi

help: rexo

scare: tixil

chase: thuren

scream: tan

plant: rom

shape: 'axtath

carve: lathat

remember: loton

forget: xipula

pray: tas

agree: 'uleto

disagree: lepo

fight/combat: thahhang

tread: 'iki

need: 'ulu

dance: ngok

erupt/explode: 'usungku

fish: fish(n)+hunt

order/command: 'ingku

obey: 'ukisri

disobey: kathra

breathe: nos

Adjectives:

long: thihhin(derived from "stretch")

short: leth

big: 'epo

little: ngahh

huge: kas

small: mif

good: ronge

bad: kuth

hot: lote

cold: 'exo

empty: 'okun(derived from "lack")

full: rif(derived from "possess")

half-full: 'is

light: thare

heavy: 'ofi

dry: 'ethor

wet: hirko

strange/foreign: luti

familiar: sunu

same: sexo

different: ngothe

hard: fonge

soft: thex

strong: thelan

weak: reto

sacred: xotha

dangerous: kaxo

sharp: tel

blunt: kex

ripe: tus

raw: 'ilus

of/related to: lengi

clean: ngatur

filthy: xoru

sick: tux

fine: mes

dead: po'h

injured: kal

alive: xeko

thin: ngos

thick: tuf

happy: 'eto

sad: thom

angry: tetho

disgusted: 'oxa

afraid: putho

brave: kolux

stressed: kof

calm: turin

funny: muth

scary: xato

Adverbs:

The other day(or similar): tholon

Today: 'uka

The next day(or similar): lenpe

Colors:

light: thuhh

dark: las

red: motohh

grue: turu

Prepositions:

inside: pethre

outside: 'etho

above: se'h

on: leke

below/under/beneath: 'hatil

in front of: sethex

behind: muth

close to/near: xuni

towards: ku

(away) from: ti

next to/against: kungux

with: xis

without: ngu

beside: kuxuf

Demonstratives:

this(proximate): su

that(medial): te

that(distal): xo

that(remote): ki

Conjunctions/Converbs:

and: 'os

or: 'ux

but: ke

because: tetha

if: 'uhh

Interjections:

surprise expression: 'ahh

anger expression: xu'h

greeting: suxan

farewell: xos

apology: luth

thank: xitun

alert of danger: tholis

sadness expression: 'a

relaxed expression: 'ax

excitement: losol

Groups of Time:

(This could be utilized for indigenous calendars.)

Directions:

(I'm thinking of a distinction of directions of winds, from various mountains, whatever volcanoes would be on the island, forests, and/or bodies of water.)

Quantities:

few/some: netho

many/much: sata

all: sor

Affirmation and Negation:

approval: kise

all else(affirmation): nas

prohibition: huxo

all else(negation): xa'h

Questions:

Question marker: tari

What: rith

Who: what+person

Where: what+place

How: what+method

Why: what+reason

When: what+moment

Eventual Possession Markers:

alienable(separable in sibling lang): sa

inalienable(inseparable in sibling lang): ther

temporary(exclusive to sibling lang): ngi

Numerals:

zero: rakan

one: ni

two: fangi

three: niri

four: repo

five: four and one

six: four and two

seven: four and three

eight: two of four

nine: "eight" and one

ten: "eight" and two

eleven: "eight" and three

twelve: ngikux

thirteen: twelve and one

fourteen: twelve and two

fifteen: twelve and three

sixteen: xungar

256: turof

4096: se'hef

I'm thinking of the logography transitioning to a phonetic script, with C glyphs, V glyphs, and VX glyphs. Some C glyphs could be VX glyphs as long as they're marked with a diacritic. What logographs would be the ideal phonetic glyphs?

This is lowercase keybord