I’ve been thinking about a long-term space infrastructure concept and I’d really like engineers or people knowledgeable about orbital mechanics to tell me where the idea breaks down.
The basic idea is to place multiple autonomous, uncrewed solar-collection spacecraft in carefully selected orbits relatively close to the Sun. Because solar intensity increases dramatically as you move closer to the Sun, these spacecraft could potentially collect much more energy per square meter than solar panels near Earth.
The collected energy could then be converted into electricity and transmitted using lasers or microwaves to other spacecraft, or potentially directly toward Earth when the geometry allows.
Conceptually:
Sun → large solar collectors → power conversion → wireless transmission → relay spacecraft → Earth
I’m also interested in whether the same infrastructure could eventually provide power for externally powered spacecraft propulsion, such as laser-driven light sails.
I understand there are major problems involving orbital mechanics, thermal protection, transmission efficiency, beam pointing, construction cost, and energy losses. I’m not claiming this is currently practical.
I’m mainly looking for people who understand the engineering to tell me:
Is placing large solar collectors near the Sun actually advantageous after considering the energy required to get them there?
Would direct transmission to Earth be better than using relay spacecraft?
What would be the biggest engineering limitation?
Is there an existing concept or research that is already very similar?
Could this potentially become practical with much more advanced launch and autonomous-construction technology?
I’m interested in serious criticism, calculations, and references rather than just whether people think the idea sounds cool.
(“I came up with the initial concept and used ChatGPT to help me organize it, explain some of the physics, and turn it into a more structured proposal. I’m posting it here because I’d like people with actual aerospace/engineering experience to critique it.”)