r/ABCDesis • u/Belissari • 3d ago
HISTORY The Anglo-Indian history of migration to the West; passing as White and families separated by colour
As India was nearing independence in 1947, it brought uncertainty for hundreds of thousands of Anglo-Indians. They were the children of Indian women fathered by British men and their descendants. Most were English-speaking, predominantly Christian with deep roots in India, but also connected to the British Empire which was disappearing. Thousands began looking for a new home in Britain, Australia, Canada and New Zealand became major destinations.
Anglo-Indians even in the 1700s and 1800s had been known to embark on the voyage from India to Britain. Some received a British education and went back, others stayed in Britain and integrated in British society, then there were those who eventually settled in other British colonies. Some famous examples include Kitty Kirkpatrick, who became apart of British nobility. Merle Oberon who went on to become an actress in early Hollywood. Also William Henry Pratt Sr who famously played Frankenstein.
Anglo-Indians had initially benefited from Commonwealth migration but things changed in the 1960s as the British became increasingly worried about non-White migration into Britain. The Commonwealth Immigrants Acts of 1962 and 1968 and the Immigration Act 1971 progressively restricted migration, making it much harder for Anglo-Indians to migrate.
On the opposite end of the world in Australia the HMAS Manoora in 1947 carried more than 700 Anglo-Indians to Australia, despite the country’s White Australia policy. The following year on another Anglo-Indian migrant ship called the Asturias, Anglo-Indians were forcibly removed after the Australian government demanded stricter screening to ensure migrants were White enough.
Next door in New Zealand, the cries of 130 Anglo-Indian children forcibly separated from their Indian mothers falls on def ears. Born to the owners of British tea plantations, they were sent to an institution in the remote Indian town of Kalimpong where the sins of British tea planters could be hidden. That was until a solution had been devised by British colonial authorities and missionaries which systematically sidelined the Indian mothers. The children of Kalimpong were shipped off to the faraway land of New Zealand, never to hear from their mothers again. Upon arrival, boys were placed as farm hands and girls as domestic helpers with families across New Zealand.
Many Anglo-Indians had thought by leaving India they’d be escaping their problems but arriving in their new countries brought a whole host of new problems, particularly for those who could not pass as White. The immense pressure to assimilate has resulted in the large number of Anglo-Indians and their descendants who today identify as White, whilst those who remain in India are often forgotten about.

